基于Voronoi图与景观指数法的山区农村居民点空间分布特征及其影响因素

农村居民点用地空间结构反映着人地关系演变趋势的同时，也影响着区域经济的发展。研究农村居民点空间分布特征及其影响因素对开展土地整治活动具有重要意义。运用Voronoi图和生态景观指数法，以湖北省神农架林区为研究区域，全面分析了山区农村居民点空间分布特征，同时运用数据统计分析方法对农村居民点空间分布影响因素进行了探究。结果表明:山区农村居民点集聚型分布现象明显，表现出大聚居、小散居的分布特征，整体呈现破碎度低、分布零散、分维数小、斑块稳定的景观格局；山区居民点空间分布格局主要影响因素为海拔、坡度、水系、道路交通等，其中受地形和道路交通影响尤其明显，呈现出较强的地形和道路交通指向。研究对目前新一轮土地整治规划的科学开展具有引导作用，同时可为政府部门实施农村居民点整理提供决策支持。

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Affecting Factors of Rural Residential Land in the Mountainous Area Based on Voronoi and Landscape Indices

Rural residential land spatial structure not only reflects the evolution trend of relationship between human and land, but also affects the regional economic development. Taking the typical mountainous landform Shennongjia district as the study area, Voronoi diagram and ecological landscape index were applied in this paper. The result revealed that the rural settlement distribution pattern presented agglomerative type in general and the spatial landscape pattern showed low fragmentation, scattered distribution and stable plaque. The main influence factors are the terrain, the river distribution, transportation. What’s more, the spatial layout of rural residential land is particularly affected by terrain and transportation. It offers theoretical support in renovation of the village residential area.