茧丝脱胶剂的筛选

目的]筛选最佳茧丝脱胶剂。方法]分别以碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠、氢氧化钠、硅酸钠、亚硫酸钠、醋酸钠、钨酸钠、柠檬酸钠、草酸钠、钼酸钠为脱胶剂对茧丝进行脱胶处理（在100℃条件下，1g茧丝加入50ml脱胶液中脱胶30min，洗净后进行第2次脱胶），比较不同脱胶剂的脱胶效果。结果]碳酸氢钠浓度为3～6g／L时，茧丝脱胶率为27．14％～28．65％，继续增加碳酸氢钠浓度茧丝脱胶率增加不大；碳酸钠浓度为0．3g／L时，茧丝脱胶率达27．10％，继续增加脱胶液浓度会使丝素受到损伤；硅酸钠浓度为0．4g/L时，茧丝脱胶率为28．67％；亚硫酸钠浓度为3g／L时，茧丝脱胶率为25．53％；其他化学试剂的脱胶效果均不理想。结论]碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠、硅酸钠、亚硫酸钠等均为较理想的茧丝脱胶剂。

Screening of Cocoon Filament Degumming Agent

Objective] The study was to screen the optimum cocoon filament degumming agent. Method] The cocoon filament were treated by degumming agents such as sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate, sodium sulfite, sodium acetate, sodium tungstate, sodium citrate, sodium oxalate and sodium molybdate(1 g cocoon filament was treated by 50 ml degumming agent for 30 min at 100 ℃, and it was degummed for the second time), the degumming effects of different degumming agents were compared. Result] The degumming rate of cocoon filament with 3-6 g/L sodium bicarbonate was 27.14%-28.65%, and it was increased little when sodium bicarbonate concn. was increased continuously. The degumming rate of cocoon filament with 0.3 g/L sodium carbonate was 27.10%, and the silk fibroin was damaged when sodium carbonate concn. was increased continuously. The degumming rate of cocoon filament with 0.4 g/L sodium silicate was 28.67%, and that with 3 g/L sodium sulfite was 25.53%. The degumming effect of other degumming agents was not ideal. Conclusion] Sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate,sodium silicate and sodium sulfite were all ideal cocoon filament degumming agents.