牛粪好氧发酵规模化生产参数优化

用牛粪辅以褐煤渣为发酵原料,首先在实验室单因素试验基础上选择碳氮比、含水率、室温、通风时间、pH值、有机质含量6个因素进行正交优化试验,确定实验室最佳发酵工艺参数,并以此为依据进行规模化生产,得出的最佳规模化生产参数用SPSS 12.0进行因子分析,最终确定影响发酵进程的因子主次关系。试验结果表明：牛粪好氧发酵规模化生产的影响因子排序为碳氮比、含水率、室温、通风时间、pH值、有机质含量;最佳规模化生产工艺参数为：物料含水率65%,碳氮比30,菌剂接种量2.5L/m3,翻堆间隔天数和强制通风时间为3d和30min,与实验室获得参数一致;规模化生产的物料表层（0~30cm）温度最高且与设备测定不符,两者关系为y=1.1487x+4.2773,为防止灰化需适时通风降温;按此生产的有机肥料全部检测指标均符合行业标准NY 525—2002。

Parameter Optimization for Large-scale Production of Cattle Manure Aerobic Fermentation

With the cattle manure and lignite slag for fermentation materials,based on the single-factor test in the laboratory,C/N,moisture content,room temperature,ventilation time,pH value,organic matter were analyzed by orthogonal optimization to determine the optimum laboratory fermentation parameters as the basis for large-scale production.SPSS 12.0 was used to analyze the optimum parameters of large-scale production to determine the relationship of the factors which affected the fermentation process.The follows were obtained: the factors which affected the fermentation process are C/N,moisture content,room temperature,ventilation time,pH value,organic matter;the optimum parameters of large-scale production are moisture content of raw materials 65%,C/N 30,agent inoculums concentration 2.5 L/m3,the number of turning: once every three days;the time of forced ventilation: 30 min,these are consistent with laboratory parameters;the temperature from the fermented material surface(0~30 cm) of the large-scale production was highest that was incompatible with the result obtained from equipment measurement.It has a remarkable linear correlation with side temperature,y=1.148 7x+4.277 3.All the detection indicators of the organic fertilizer in this process reached China’s industry standard NY 525-2002.