引起花生果腐病的新孢镰刀菌及其生物学特性

<正>0引言花生果腐病(俗称花生烂果病)是一种世界性土传病害，主要导致花生荚果腐烂。近年来花生果腐病在我国山东、河南、河北等花生主产区日趋严重，造成15%以上的减产甚至绝收^[1]。国内外已报道的花生果腐病病原菌有Sclerotium minor^[2]、Neocosmospora vasinfecta^[3,4]、N. striata^[5]、Fusarium sp.^[6]、Pythium myriotylum^[7]和Rhizoctonia solani^[8]。其中，我国不同地域的花生果腐病病原菌有N. vasinfecta^[3,4]、N. striata^[5]、Fusarium sp.^[6]、P. myriotylum^[7]和R. solani^[8]。

Fusarium neocosmosporiellum causing peanut pod rot and its biological characteristics

Peanut is an important oil crop in China. However, peanut pod rot poses a threat to the production and quality of peanut nowadays, and causes huge economic losses. The samples of peanut pod rot from three peanut producing areas of Hebei province were studied. The dominant pathogens were isolated and identified according to the Koch’s rule. Taxonomic identification of the pathogens was taken by morphological and molecular biological methods. The results showed that the dominant pathogens of peanut pod rot were Fusarium neocosmosporiellum (formerly Neocosmospora vasinfecta). F. neocosmosporiellum in different regions had certain differences in biological characteristics such as optimal medium and culture temperature. This study confirmed that F. neocosmosporiellum is the dominant pathogen of peanut pod rot in Hebei province, and provided theoretical basis for comprehensive prevention and treatment of peanut pod rot.