不同光湿环境对葡萄花芽分化和叶绿体类囊体膜磷酸酯酶活性的影响

以欧亚种葡萄美人指(Vitisviniferacv.ManicureFinger)为试材,正常光湿为对照,采用正常光偏高湿、偏弱光正常湿度、偏弱光高湿、偏弱光临界高湿、临界弱光偏高湿和临界弱光临界高湿6种处理。试验表明:单一偏弱光处理,葡萄叶片叶绿素含量上升,其余处理叶绿素含量下降;6种处理叶绿体类囊体膜磷酸酯酶活性都低于对照,叶绿体类囊体膜磷酸酯酶活性与光照和湿度有关;正常光偏高湿和偏弱光正常湿度部分芽能分化花原基,但在偏弱光高湿或偏弱光临界高湿花芽分化质量严重下降,临界弱光偏高湿和临界弱光临界高湿几乎未发现花原基;单一的弱光因子比单一的高湿因子对叶绿体类囊体膜磷酸酯酶活性和花芽形态分化影响更大,但弱光与高湿同时存在比单一弱光或高湿因子作用于葡萄时,叶绿体类囊体膜磷酸酯酶活性下降更为显著,花芽更难以形成。

Effects of Light and Humidity on Flower Bud Differentiation and Activity of Phosphatase of Chloroplast Thylakoid Membrane in Grapevines

The grapevine of Manicure Finger variety (Vitis vinifera L.) was used for studying the influence of light and humidity on the flower bud formation and activity of phosphatase of chloroplast thylakoid membrane. The results indicated that compared to control, the chlorophyll content was increased under 320 μmol/m2·s and 65% RH, but it was decreased under other conditions. Different conditions caused decreasing the activity of phosphatase of chloroplast thylakoid membrane. Some buds of grapevines could form anlagen or two-branched primordial under 850 μmol/m2·s and 80% RH or 320 μmol/m2·s and 65% RH. However, the number of flower buds would be remarkably decreased under 320 μmol/m2·s and 80% RH or 320 μmol/m2·s and 90% RH, and there were no uncommitted of buds under the conditions of 120 μmol/m2·s and 80% RH or 120 μmol/m2·s and 90% RH. The poor light played a more important role in decreasing flower bud formation and the activity of phosphatase of chloroplast thylakoid membrane in grapevines than the high humidity did.