蚯蚓堆制花生壳的微生物群落结构特征研究

针对花生壳因木质素含量高而限制其利用的问题,选择添加赤子爱胜蚓堆制花生壳。试验处理分为接种蚯蚓组和未接种蚯蚓的对照组,堆制处理48 d。初始混合底物的碳氮比约为37.00,第48天时,蚯蚓处理组物料的碳氮比低于15.00,而对照组则为23.17,表明蚯蚓加速了花生壳的分解。试验结束时,赤子爱胜蚓的死亡率为19%。在蚯蚓堆制过程中,观察到蚓茧和幼蚓,表明蚯蚓能够逐步适应高木质素含量的花生壳。初始底物中真菌的Shannon-Wiener指数为1.33,堆制结束时,蚯蚓处理组和对照组的Shannon-Wiener指数分别为2.59和1.66,表明蚯蚓的存在增加了真菌的多样性。蚯蚓处理组中Rhodococcus、Arthrobacter、unclassified_f_Peptostreptococcaceae、Sporosarcina、Cercophora、unclassified_c_Dothideomycetes、Preussia和unclassified_f_Lasiosphaeriaceae的相对丰度显著增加。

Characterization of Microbial Community Structure of Vermicomposting in Peanut Shells

The ever-increasing worldwide production of peanuts has led to a large accumulation of shells.The usage of these residues has been limited due to their high lignin content.Vermicomposting was used to stabilize the peanut shells(PS).Chopped PS was mixed with cow dung at a ratio of 60:40(on a dry weight basis).Eisenia fetida was selected.The experiment was classified into two treatments:the control,which contained 1000 g of the mixed substrates without earthworms,and the treatment with earthworms,which contained the mixed substrates and 120 individuals of Eisenia fetida.The duration of the experiment was 48 days.The C/N ratio of the initial substrate was approximately 37.00.The C/N ratio in the treatment with earthworms was less than 15.00 on day 48,whereas it was 23.17 in the control.This suggested that earthworms stimulated the decomposition of shells.The mortality rate of Eisenia fetida was 19%by the end of the experiment.Cocoons and juvenile earthworms were observed during vermicomposting,indicating that the earthworms adapted to the high lignin content of the shells.The Shannon-Wiener index of fungi in the initial mixed material was 1.33.By the end of the vermicomposting,the values were 2.59 and 1.66 in the treatment with earthworms and in the control,respectively.This indicated that the diversity of fungi was promoted by the presence of earthworms.A significant increase in the abundance of Rhodococcus,Arthrobacter,unclassified_f_Peptostreptococcaceae,Sporosarcina,Cercophora,unclassified_c_Dothideomycetes,Preussia and unclassified_f_Lasiosphaeriaceae in the treatment with earthworms was observed.