巢湖流域景观生态质量时空分异评价

以景观质量和生态质量构建了包含8个指标的景观生态质量评价指标体系;基于GIS及GeoDa平台,采用层次分析法(AHP)与均方差决策法的混合模型确定权重,从等级划分和指数差研究了2005-2010年巢湖流域快速城镇化背景下景观生态质量在村庄尺度的时空演变特征,采用空间自相关法分析其空间分异与聚集特征,并提出了相应的生态规划建议。结果表明:2005-2010年巢湖流域景观生态质量整体以稳定不变型为主,但其局部退化程度较改善程度在村庄数量占比和面积比方面分别提高了28.61%和29.90%;整体呈现研究区西部改善而北、东和南部退化的空间格局。从景观生态质量指数差方面,2010年的景观生态质量较2005年退化的面积占研究区的78.65%,在研究区北部、东北部、东部及南部密集分布和西部零星分布。2005年景观生态质量为较强的空间集聚性,2005-2010年景观生态质量变化随时间推移而空间集聚性减弱。根据两期的高高区、低低区及低高或高低区的特征分区,并在生态用地保护、产业布局优化、土地用途与低效工业用地管制、绿色基础设施与生态廊道的规划建设等方面提出了相关生态规划建议。研究结果可为区域生态景观规划、生态管护及景观生态系统的可持续发展提供科学借鉴。

Spatial and Temporal Differentiation of Landscape Ecological Quality in Chaohu River Basin

Regional landscape ecological quality assessment and research of its spatial and temporal differentiation would help to locate regional ecological function,optimize resource allocation and maintain regional sustainable development.The evaluation index system of landscape ecological quality was constructed on the basis of landscape quality and ecological quality,which covered eight comprehensive indexes.Based on GIS and GeoDa platform,the weight of indexes were determined by using the mixed model of AHP and mean variance decision method,the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of the landscape ecological quality were studied in the village of Chaohu Basin during 2005-2010 in the context of rapid urbanization from the aspects of gradation and index difference,the spatial autocorrelation method was used to analyze the spatial differentiation and aggregation characteristics and the corresponding ecological planning suggestions were put forward.The results showed that the landscape ecological quality in the Chaohu Basin was mainly stable in 2005-2010,but its local degradation was28.61%and 29.90%respectively higher than that of improvement in ratio of villages’number and area,in which the western part of the study area was improved and the north,east and south parts were degraded.From the index difference of landscape ecological quality,the degraded area of landscape ecological quality in 2010 accounted for 78.65%of the study area compared with 2005,and distributed densely in the north,northeast,east and south of the study area and sporadically in the west.The spatial agglomeration of landscape ecological quality,which was stronger in 2005,was decreased with time from2005 to 2010.According to the characteristic zoning of high-high,low-low,high-low and low-high zones in the two phases,some related planning suggestions were put forward in the aspects of ecological land protection,industrial layout optimization,land use and low efficiency industrial land control,green infrastructure and ecological corridor.The research results can provide a scientific reference for the regional ecological landscape planning,ecological management and protection,and the sustainable development of landscape ecosystem.