竹类植物花粉的生活力和自然授粉

对12种开花竹类植物花粉的败育、生活力和自然授粉进行了观察和试验研究，花药和花粉在离体后生活力保存时间较短，尤其是离体花粉的生活力在1－2h会丧失贻尽，适宜竹花粉萌发的培养液的10％蔗糖液，若再加入5ppm硼酸能明显提高花粉发芽率。篌竹和斑苦 花分别属于花药合并粘连和无花粉的二类雄性不育型，其余10个竹种的花粉中均有三种类型的败育花粉，低温、干旱等不育环境使竹花粉发育受阻，不育花粉率增高，竹花的自然授粉不良，在盛花的竹株上接受不到花粉的竹花占33．3％，在部分开花的竹株上花粉自然授粉率公10％。

VITALITY OF BAMBOO POLLENS AND NATURAL POLLINATION IN BAMBOO PLANTS

Observations and experiments were carried out on abortion, vitality and pollination of pollens of 12 bamboo species. The vitality maint-anance time of anther and pollens was very short when they left their mother plant, especially the pollen which might lose vitality in 1~2h. Appropriate liquid medium for bamboo pollen germination was 10 % sugar solution. The germination percentage apparently increscently increased when 5 ppm boric acid was added to the solution.The flowers of Ph. nidularia f. smoothsheath and Pl. maculatus belonged to male sterility two types. Abortive pollens could be found in the other 10 bamboo species and they belonged to three different types. Unfavourable environmental conditions such as low temperature and drought stunted the development of the pollen, which increased the percentage of sterile pollens. The natural pollination of bamboo flowers were poor. 33.3 % of the flowers on the bamboo plants did not receive any pollen during flourishing period and in some individuals, the percentage of natural pollination was only 10 %.