原位和异位保护对水稻种质资源遗传多样性的影响*

 利用24对SSR引物对云南省保山市分别在原位和异位保存条件下的12个水稻品种进行遗传多样性分析。24对引物在原位居群共检测到等位基因（A）110个，平均等位基因数(Na)为4.58个，平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为3.08个，其中多态性位点百分率(P)为91.76%，香农指数(I)为1.17；异位居群共检测到等位基因88个，Na为3.67个，Ne为2.52个，P为100%，I为1.03。结果显示，原位居群的各遗传多样性参数均高于异位保存居群，这表明与异位保护相比，原位保护是维持种群遗传多样性的一种更好的方式。

Estimating Genetic Diversity between In-situ and Ex-situ Conservation of Rice Varieties by SSR Assay

The genetic diversity of 24 rice varieties (12 in situ conservation and 12 ex situ conservation) from Yunnan Province was estimated using SSR markers. Twenty four selected primer pairs amplified a total number of 110 and 88 SSR alleles from 12 in situ and 12 ex situ conserved rice varieties. The mean numbers of observed alleles per primer were 4.58 and 3.76, the average effective allele（Ne）were 3.08 and 2.52, the percentage of polymorphic loci（P）were 91.76% and 100%, and the Shannons indexes（I） were 1.17 and 1.03, respectively. It is concluded from this study that rice varieties in situ conservation show a higher level of genetic diversity than those ex situ conservation.