西北地区太阳总辐射的气候学计算及分布特征

利用西北地区1960~2009年25个日射站观测资料和163个常规气象站日照百分率资料,建立用日照百分率拟合太阳总辐射的估算式,对西北地区太阳总辐射量进行拟合计算,并探讨其空间分布规律。结果表明,西北地区1960~2009年太阳总辐射年总量整体呈中间高、两边低的空间分布特征。高值区位于青海柴达木盆地地区以及新疆东部和甘肃西部的青、新、甘三省交界地区,最大值在青海格尔木。2个低值区分别位于陕西和甘肃南部的秦岭以南地区以及新疆天山地区,最小值在陕西安康。从各月的空间分布情况看,各月西北地区中部的高值区和西部的低值区位置有较大变化,特别是中部的高值区具有明显的北移南撤的变化特征;东部的低值区位置无明显变化。

Climatological Calculation of Total Solar Radiation and Its Distribution Characteristics in Northwest China

Based on the observation data of 25 insolation stations and the data of sunshine percentage from 163 conventional meteorological stations in Northwest China during 1960-2009,the estimated formula of total solar radiation was established by using the percentage of sunshine to calculate the total solar radiation in Northwest China and discuss the spacial distribution characteristics.The results indicated that the annual amount of total solar radiation in Northwest China from 1960 to 2009 presented the spacial distribution characteristics of low on both sides and high in the middle.The high value area was located in Qaidam Basin area,Eastern Xinjiang and the junction areas of Qinhai,Xinjiang and Gansu in Western Gansu,and the maximum value was in Geermu and Qinghai.Two low-value areas were located in Shaanxi and the south areas of Gansu and Tianshan areas of Xinjiang.The minimum value was in Ankang,Shanxi.From the spatial distribution every month,it indicated that the location of the high-value area in the central areas and the low-value area in the west of Northwest China changed obviously,especially in the central high-value areas,there were the obvious characteristics,such as,moving northward and back from southward;however,the location of the low-value area had not obvious changes.