微集水种植技术的农田水分调控效果模拟研究

农田微集水种植技术是提高旱区农田作物生产力的一项重要的技术选择，带型(沟垄的宽度比例和数值)的优化设计是其研究和开发所面临的关键问题之一。该研究利用模拟降水等方法，通过降水在沟垄间的分配比例、在沟土中水平分布的不均匀程度，在沟内的最大下渗深度及在沟内的垂直分布特征值4个描述降水在沟垄间分布特征参数对同一沟垄宽度比例的不同宽度值处理对农田水分调控的效果进行了比较分析。结果表明：各种降水处理下，对同一沟垄宽度比值，随着带型的窄化(宽度变窄)，降水向垄中的侧渗作用增强，在沟内水平分布的不均匀性降低，在沟内的垂直下渗略有减弱；在蓄水保墒效果上，窄带型要优于同一沟垄比值下的宽带型。

Simulated study on soil moisture of field under water micro-collecting farming conditions

Water micro-collecting farming is one of the most effective practice to improve crop production in arid areas, the optimization design of strip shape(the width of ridge and furrow, and ration between them) is a key problem for WMCF system. The study was conducted by using sprinkler to simulate rainfall. The ratio of rainfall distribution between furrow and ridge, lateral distribution of rainfall in the furrow, maximum depth of rainfall infiltration in the furrow, and vertical distribution of rainfall in the furrow were analyzed. The results show that the narrow strip is more effective in the storage and preservation of rainwater than wide strip, as ridge and furrow width becomes narrower, the ridge has the more share of rainwater, rainwater distribution tends to be more even in the furrow and the vertical infiltration in the furrow becomes slightly lower.