不同类型助剂对除草剂硝磺草酮的增效作用研究

通过生物试验结合仪器分析的方法，研究不同类型助剂对除草剂硝磺草酮的增效及相关机制和对玉米的安全性。结果表明，5种助剂均能改变药液物理性状，提高硝磺草酮对玉米田杂草的防效。添加助剂后硝磺草酮药液稳定性增加、药液液滴表面张力和接触角降低、药液黏度提高是其杂草防除效率提升的主要物理机制。液相色谱分析证明，助剂对硝磺草酮在苘麻叶片上的吸收增量排序为新型复合类油剂>新型复合类水剂>有机硅类助剂>非离子表面活性剂>油类助剂。5种供试助剂中，新型复合类油剂、水剂对药液性状影响最显著，与对照相比，显著增加在苘麻叶片上的吸收量129.74%～176.59%、112.87%～147.63%；对玉米田间杂草增效作用最明显，提高21.05%～22.24%；对玉米各阶段生长发育有显著促进作用，最终提高产量15.85%～17.38%。

Synergistic Effect of Different Adjuvants on Herbicide Mesotrione

The synergistic effect of different types of adjuvants on the herbicide mesotrione and the related mechanisms and the safety of maize were studied by means of biological experiments combined with instrumental analysis. The research results showed that, five kinds of adjuvants can change the physical properties of the liquid medicine and improve the control effect of mesotrione on weeds in maize fields. After adding the adjuvants, the stability of the liquid mesotrione increases, the surface tension and contact angle of the liquid droplets decreases, and the viscosity increases. It is the main physical mechanism for the improvement of its weed control efficiency. The liquid chromatography analysis proved that the order of the adjuvant''s absorption increment of mesotrione on abalone leaves was new composite oil adjuvants > new composite water adjuvants > silicone additives > non-ionic surface-active additives > oil additives. Among the five tested adjuvants, the new composite oil and water adjuvants had the most significant effect on the properties of the medicinal liquid, and at the same time, compared with the control, the absorption on the leaves of abalone could significantly increase by 129.74%-176.59%, 112.87%-147.63%; the 15% mesotrione suspending agent had the most obvious synergistic effect on weeds in maize field, which increased by 21.05%-22.24%. At the same time, it significantly promoted the growth and development of maize at various stages, and finally increased the yield by 15.85%-17.38%.