河西绿洲灌区连作玉米根际土壤真菌群落结构特征

为探究连作对玉米根际土壤真菌群落特征的影响，采用高通量测序技术分析轮作1年和连作5年、11年、25年和50年的玉米根际土壤真菌菌群落结构特征。结果表明，子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、被孢霉门(Mortierellomycota)、球囊菌门(Glomeromycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)4个门为真菌优势类群，占所有真菌的90%左右。在属分类水平下镰孢菌属(Fusarium)在连作11年的玉米根际土壤中丰度最高，为56%；在连作5年的玉米根际土壤中丰度最低，为6%。不同连作年限下玉米根际土壤中的主要功能真菌依次为植物病原/腐生/共生过渡型菌(Pathogen-Saprotroph-Symbiotroph)、腐生/共生过渡型菌(Saprotroph-Symbiotroph)、植物病原菌/腐生菌过渡型(Pathotroph-Saprotroph)、腐生菌(Saprotrophs)、共生菌(Symbiotroph)、植物病原菌(Pathotroph)和植物病原菌/腐生菌过渡型(Pathotroph-Saprotroph)，连作50年的玉米根际土壤中的功能真菌丰度最低，连作5年的根际土壤中功能真菌丰度最高。

Fungal Community Structure of Maize Rhizosphere Soil under Continuous Cropping in Hexi Oasis Irrigation Area

To investigate the effects of continuous cropping on the characteristics of fungal community in maize rhizosphere soil, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the characteristics of fungal community structure in maize rhizosphere soil after 1 year of rotation and 5, 11, 25, and 50 years of continuous cropping. The results showed that four phyla, Ascomycota, Mortierellomycota, Glomeromycota and Basidiomycota, were the dominant groups of fungi, accounting for about 90% of all fungi. At the genus classification level, Fusarium has the highest abundance of 56% in the maize rhizosphere soil after 11 years of continuous cropping, and the lowest abundance of 6% in the maize rhizosphere soil after 5 years of continuous cropping. The main functional fungi in maize rhizosphere soil under different continuous cropping years were as follows: pathogen-saprotroph, Saprotrophs, Symbiotroph, Pathotroph and pathotroph-saprotroph. The abundance of functional fungi in maize rhizosphere soil of continuous cropping for 50 years was the lowest, the abundance of functional fungi in the rhizosphere soil of maize was the highest after 5 years of continuous cropping.