锌肥不同施用方式对河西绿洲制种玉米生长及产量的影响

为探明锌肥施用方式对制种玉米生长、产量及子粒含锌量的影响，以制种玉米NC242为供试材料，2019-2020年在河西绿洲灌区张掖市甘州区党寨镇开展试验。设置叶面喷施锌肥(DF)、滴灌冲施锌肥(DS)、底施锌肥(AF)、滴灌冲施锌肥+叶面喷施锌肥(SF)和不施锌肥(CK)5个处理，分析制种玉米全生育期内叶面积指数与地上部干物质积累量和产量及子粒含锌量变化。结果表明，锌肥不同施用方式能有效提高叶面积指数与地上部干物质积累量，其中滴灌冲施锌肥+叶面喷施锌肥效果最佳；滴灌冲施锌肥+叶面喷施锌肥产量最高(8 507.38 kg/hm²)，其次为叶面喷施锌肥(8 200.64 kg/hm²)，分别较CK显著增产16.38%和12.18%；不同锌肥施用方式下SF处理子粒锌含量最高，较CK提高25.56%。因此，滴灌冲施锌肥+叶面喷施锌肥方式是本试验锌肥最佳施用方式。

Effects of Different Zinc Fertilizer Application Methods on Growth and Yield of Maize Seed Production in Hexi Oasis

In order to investigate the effects of zinc fertilizer application on the growth, yield, and kernel zinc content of seed maize, a trial was carried out in Dangzhai Town, Ganzhou District, Zhangye City, West Hebei Oasis Irrigation District, from 2019 to 2020, the seed maize NC242 was used as the test material. Five treatments were set, including foliar spray zinc fertilizer(DF), drip irrigation zinc fertilizer(DS), bottom zinc fertilizer(AF), drip irrigation zinc fertilizer + foliar spray zinc fertilizer(SF) and no zinc fertilizer(CK). The changes of leaf area index, dry matter accumulation in shoots, yield, and grain zinc content during the whole growth period of maize seed production were analyzed. The results showed that, different application methods of zinc fertilizer can effectively improve the leaf area index and aboveground dry matter accumulation, among which drip irrigation flushing zinc fertilizer + foliar spraying zinc fertilizer has the best effect. Drip irrigation flushed zinc fertilizer + foliar sprayed zinc fertilizer gave the highest yield(8507.38 kg/ha) followed by foliar sprayed zinc fertilizer(8 200.64 kg/ha), which significantly increased the yield by 16.38% and 12.18% over CK, respectively. The highest Zn content in the seed of treatment SF under different Zn fertilizer application methods was 25.56% higher than CK. Therefore, drip irrigation with zinc fertilizer+foliar zinc fertilizer application was the best way to apply zinc fertilizer in this experiment.