维生素E缺乏对鲤骨骼肌损伤的影响

本文旨在探讨VE缺乏对鲤骨骼肌损伤的形态学影响。在半纯合日粮中分别添加0、25、50和100 mg/kg的VE,投喂体重约60 g的鲤鱼20周。结果表明:鲤鱼摄入VE缺乏的饲料后,出现“瘦背症”、脊柱弯曲及以突眼、竖鳞和腹水为特征的渗出性素质样病变。病理剖解见体壁肌肉萎缩,特别是背部两侧肌肉萎缩变薄,其厚度仅为对照组的1/4~1/2,似刀刃状;体侧红肌纤维褪色变白,呈白肌肉外观。组织学变化主要表现为肌营养性不良,骨骼肌变性、坏死,淋巴细胞和单核细胞浸润,大量结缔组织增生,残存的肌纤维萎缩变细。超微结构上表现为骨骼肌细胞核膜间隙增宽,呈锯齿状,并发生局部或广泛性的断裂,核变形,电子密度降低;肌浆内糖原颗粒明显减少,线粒体肿胀,嵴断裂,甚至溶解呈空囊泡状,肌原纤维的横纹模糊不清或完全消失。结论:日粮中0、25和50 mg/kgVE水平会导致鲤出现VE缺乏症,其骨骼肌主要表现为变性、坏死、肌萎缩和炎症细胞浸润的肌营养性不良。

Effects of VE Deficiency on Skeletal Muscles Lesions in Cyprinus Carpio

To study the effects of vitamin E deficiency on skeletal muscles lesions in common carp(Cyprinus carpio),Juvenile carps with mean body weight of 60 g were fed semi-purified diets supplemented vitamin E with 0,25,50 or 100 mg/kg for 20 weeks.The results showed that the fish fed vitamin E deficiency diet exhibited "thinness back disease",lordosis and exudative diathesis with exophthalmus,scale erection and ascites.Gross changes examination showed skeletal muscular dystrophy,especially in both sides of back,the thickness was 1/4~1/2 of control,red muscles in body sides became white muscles.Histopathological changes examination showed nutritional muscular dystrophy,degeneration and necrosis in skeletal muscles,infiltration with lymphocytes and monocytes,proliferation of many connective tissues,dystrophy of survival muscle fibers.Ultrastructurally,the karyotheca of skeletal muscle celles appeared indentation with interstice broaden and rupture in partly or universally.The nuclear showed distortion and electron density reduced.In sarcoplasm,glycogenosomes were significantly reduced,mitochondrial swelling with disintegration and lysis of the cristaes.Cross striations of myofibrils were mistiness or completely disappeared.In conclusion,the common carp which were fed semi-purified diets supplemented vitamin E with 0,25 and 50 mg/kg appeared vitamin E deficiency,and the skeletal muscles showed skeletal muscular dystrophy with characteristics of degeneration,necrosis,muscular atrophy and inflammatory cell infiltration.