三峡库区耕地利用变化及保护开发途径--以重庆市忠县为例

根据忠县1996—2003年土地详查与变更数据及有关调查、统计资料,分析了三峡库区的忠县耕地利用变化的基本态势及其主要原因。研究表明,忠县近8a来耕地数量变化总体呈减少之势;土地垦殖率高,中低产田面积大,后备资源贫乏;耕地流失强度大,质量下降;生态退耕、耕地改园地和水域淹没在耕地减少中占有较大比重。并对此提出了严格控制非农建设占用耕地,提高耕地比较经济效益,加强耕地的整理和复垦工作,搞好以农田水利基本建设为重点的综合整治和严格控制人口数量等保护开发途径。

Cultivated Land Use Change and Protecting Exploitation Ways in Three Gorges Reservoir Area--A Case Study at Zhongxian County of Chongqing City

Abstrcat Based on detailed surveys and modificatory data of land, the relational investigations and statistical data in Zhongxian County during 1996-2003, the basic trend and its main causes of cultivated land use change are analyzed. The result shows that the trend of cultivated land quantity is decreasing in general; the cultivated rate of land is 38.57% in 2003, the area of middle-low yield farmland accounts for 73.31% of the total cultivated land in Zhongxian County, the reserve resource of cultivated land only occupies 8.50% of the total exploitative reserve land; the loss intensity of cultivated land is 0.56 hm~2/(km~(2)·a) and its quality is going down; the area of cultivated land returning to forest, changing cultivated land into garden land and flooded cultivated land respectively account for 56.37%, 25.77% and 13.22% of the total decreased of cultivated land during the last 8 years in Zhongxian County. Some key channels for farmland protection are put forward, such as strict control of farmland occupation for non-agricultural constructions, improving the relative economic benefits of cultivated land, strengthening the arrangement and restoration of cultivated land, doing well the major synthetical regulation for the basic construction of irrigation and water conservancy and strict control of population quantity, and so on