运用TRAP标记分析5个鲤群体的遗传多样性

运用TRAP标记技术，选取10个多态性较好的引物组合对荷包红鲤、黄河鲤、建鲤、兴国红鲤和黑龙江野鲤等5个鲤群体进行遗传多样性分析，其中固定引物是根据目标候选基因-GHR基因的序列设计。结果表明，共扩增出168个位点，其中多态性位点134个，平均多态位点比例为80.41%，平均多态性信息含量为0.29。分子变异方差分析(AMOVA)结果显示群体内的方差贡献率达96.97%，表明各个鲤群体内存在较大的遗传变异。种群再分效应固定指数(FST=0.030 26，P＜0.05)表明不同鲤群体间有显著的遗传分化。基于目标候选基因的TRAP标记对5个鲤群体进行聚类分析，结果表明建鲤和兴国红鲤首先聚成一类，然后黄河鲤和黑龙江野鲤聚为一类，再与荷包红鲤聚为一类。

Analysis of genetic diversity among five populations of Cyprinus carpio by TRAP markers

Target Region Amplification Polymorphism (TRAP) technique was adopted to assess genetic diversity among five populations of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) including purse red carp, Huanghe carp, Jian carp, Xingguo red carp and Heilongjiang carp by using 10 pairs of primer with high polymorphism. The fixed primers were designed from the sequence of GHR gene. Out of the 168 bands amplified by 10 primer combinations, 134 (80.41%) were polymorphic. The average of polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.29. The AMOVA analysis result revealed 96.97% variance came from individuals within population which indicated that great genetic variation existing within the populations. The fixation index (F_ST) for TRAP was estimated to be 0.03026 and showed the significant genetic differentiation among populations (P<0.05). The cluster analysis based on the TRAP marker polymorphism of the target gene indicated that Jian carp and Xingguo red carp fell in one cluster, Huanghe carp and Heilongjiang carp fell in another cluster, and finally they clustered with purse red carp.