水稻褐飞虱防控策略

褐飞虱近年对水稻的为害愈来愈严重，为探讨新的防控策略，笔者从飞虱的主要越冬虫源地、成灾原因及综合防控等分析认为：（1）对中国水稻为害极重的褐飞虱，真正成灾的越冬虫源应主要来自16°N以南的地区，尤其是越南南部与泰国南部的湄公河三角洲区域。（2）水稻褐飞虱的成灾原因既与越战后东盟国家大力发展水稻等粮食作物种植，且在耕作制度上也相应地由高秆改矮秆、单季改双季甚至三季，密集程度和施肥程度有所提高有关，又与国内水稻品种多、生育期不一，在防控上不能统一行动，用药混杂和过量有关，还与全球气候变暖更利于飞虱的繁衍与迁移，以及杂交水稻可能更利于飞虱类的繁衍有关。因此，要彻底防控水稻褐飞虱的为害，要“防控前移”，到飞虱的发源地-湄公河三角洲区域去实施以生态治理为核心的综合防治技术，一方面帮助其提高水稻产量，改良水稻种植模式，压缩冬春稻种植面积；另一方面帮助其发展经济，构建世界热带水果与特种经济植物基地，同时组建大型粮食生产加工集团，以及开展褐飞虱防控国际间合作；对迁入代要及早治理，并且以县为单位组建植物保护公司，再利用飞虱对某些水稻品种特别嗜好性，构建飞虱诱集区，形成聚而歼之的主战场。

The Control Strategy of Nilaparvata lugens

Yield loss is caused by brown plant hopper are becoming more and more serious in recent years.By analyzing the changes of rice cropping system and the occurring dynamics of the insect,new ideas and control strategies are forwarded： （1） The plant brown hopper that imperil the rice production in China might survive overwinter to north latitude of 19 ° N,but the disastrous insect source mainly comes from the south of 16 ° N,especially from the Mekong Delta of south Vietnam and Thailand.（2） Rampant of BPH might relate to the following factors： the expansion of rice growing area in Asean countries,substitution of high-stem type by dwarf type,multi-cropping seasons every year,higher planting density and fertilizer input,overlap of growth stage,utilization of susceptible rice varieties,extra use of pesticide,global warming that infavor of the reproduction and migration of the insects.Control strategies： push forward the defense frontline to the birthland,Mekong Delta,by implementing integrated pest control focused on regional ecology management： reducing the winter season rice growth area,setting up tropical fruit and cash crop producing base,international cooperation on BPH control,eliminating the migrating insects by seducing them in a confined trap.