Dry-period irrigation and fertilizer application affect water use and yield of spring wheat in semi-arid regions |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratoire de Mathématiques, Université de Paris-Sud (Bât. 425), Orsay cedex 91405, France;2. Department of Solar Energy and Environmental Physics, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University, Sede Boqer Campus 84990, Israel;3. Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel;1. College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China;2. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China;3. Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, 35002, PR China;1. College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;2. College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;1. College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, PR China;2. Fujian Shangshan Construction Engineering co. LTD, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350000, PR China;1. School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, China;2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;3. Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Agrosphere (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich 52425, Germany;4. Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Soil Science and Soil Ecology, University of Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany;5. School of Natural Sciences, Environment Centre Wales, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2UW, United Kingdom;1. Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China;2. Dongping County Agricultural Bureau, Dongping County 271500, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on a field study on the semi-arid Loess Plateau of China, the strategies of limited irrigation in farmland in dry-period of normal-precipitation years are studied, and the effects on water use and grain yield of spring wheat of dry-period irrigation and fertilizer application when sowing are examined. The study includes four treatments: (1) with 90 mm dry-period irrigation but without fertilizer application (W); (2) with fertilizer application but without dry-period irrigation (F); (3) with 90 mm dry-period irrigation plus fertilizer application (WF); (4) without dry-period irrigation and fertilizer application (CK). The results indicate that dry-period irrigation resulted in larger and deeper root systems and larger leaf area index (LAI) compared with the non-irrigated treatments. The root/shoot ratio (R/S) in the irrigated treatments was significantly higher than in the non-irrigated treatments. The grain yields in F, W and WF are 1509, 2712 and 3291 kg ha−1, respectively, which are 13.7, 104.3 and 147.9% higher than that (1328 kg ha−1) of CK, and at the same time the grain yields in W and WF are also significantly higher than in F. Water use efficiencies (WUE) in terms of grain yield are 5.70 and 6.91 kg ha−1 mm−1 in W and WF, respectively, being 65.7 and 101.1% higher than that (3.44 kg ha−1 mm−1) of CK. The highest WUE and grain yield consistently occurred in WF, suggesting that the combination of dry-period irrigation and fertilizer application has a beneficial effect on improving WUE and grain yield of spring wheat. |
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