Nutrient losses from a vineyard soil in Northeastern Spain caused by an extraordinary rainfall event |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile;2. USDA-ARS National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory, Purdue University, 275 S. Russell St., West Lafayette, IN 47907-2077, USA;3. Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable CEDEUS, El Comendador 1916, Providencia, Santiago, Chile;1. Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Sciences, University of Palermo, Italy;2. Department of Earth and Marine Science, University of Palermo, Italy;3. Soil Erosion and Degradation Research Team, Department of Geography, University of Valencia, Spain;1. Department of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;2. Blackland Research and Extension Center, Texas A&M University, Temple, TX 76502, USA;3. Ecological Soil and Water Conservation Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;1. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;2. USDA-ARS National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory, Purdue University, 275 S. Russell St, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2077, USA;3. Australian Rivers Institute, School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Vineyards are one of the lands that incur the highest soil losses in Mediterranean environments. Most of the studies that report about this problem only focus on soil losses and few investigations have addressed the nutrient losses associated with erosion processes during the storms. The present research evaluates the loss of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in vineyard soils located in a Mediterranean area (NE Spain), after an extreme rainfall event recorded on 10 June 2000. The total rainfall of this event was 215 mm, 205 mm of which fell in 2 h 15 min. The maximum intensity in 30-min periods reached 170 mm h−1. This rainfall produced a large amount of sediments both inside and outside the plots, with the consequent soil mobilisation and loss of nutrients. The estimate of soil loss was based on the subtraction of two very accurate digital elevation models (DEMs) of different dates in GIS, and measures of the nutrient content of sediment collected in the plot. Soil loss in the study plot reached 207 mg ha−1. Most sediment was produced by concentrated surface runoff. Nutrient losses amounted as 108.5 kg ha−1 of N, 108.6 kg ha−1 of P and 35.6 kg ha−1 of K. The proposed method allowed mapping the sediment contribution and deposition areas and the distribution of the nutrient load and losses within the plot. |
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