Relating tree vigour to the soil and landscape characteristics of an olive orchard in a marly area of southern Spain |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Castilla-La Mancha, Institute of Environmental Sciences, 45071 Toledo, Spain;2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, Italy;3. Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain;4. Institut de l''Olivier, BP 208, 1082 Tunis, Tunisia;5. Laboratory of Ecology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Abdelmalek Essaâdi, 2121 Tetouan, Morocco;6. Department of Botany, University of Granada, 18074 Granada, Spain;7. Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain;8. Department of Plant Biology II, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain;9. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic University of Cartagena, 30202 Cartagena, Spain;10. Department of Plant Biology, University of Malaga, 29080 Malaga, Spain;1. Department of Geography, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran;2. Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran;3. School of Architecture, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK |
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| Abstract: | The relationships between tree vigour and soil and landscape properties of a rainfed olive orchard located on a marly slope of southern Spain were studied. The different properties and thickness of three soil layers (viz. the secondary carbonate-free layer, the solum, and the layer penetrated by roots), and the properties of the 0–30 cm layer, were used as soil variables. Olive tree vigour and soil properties were found to be strongly correlated. Much of the variability in tree vigour was related to soil morphology. The thickness of the root zone and the average CaCO3 content in the secondary carbonate-free layer and the upper 30 cm of soil accounted for ～58 and ～68%, respectively, of the variance in canopy volume. Tree vigour was related to some properties of the root zone, such as clay content and cation exchange capacity, expressed on a surface basis. Topographic properties such as distance to summit, slope gradient and profile curvature were also found to be significantly correlated with tree vigour, but had less influence than intrinsic soil properties. |
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