不同硼水平对双低油菜华双4号产量和品质的影响

以甘蓝型常规油菜品种中油821(双高品种)为对照,通过盆栽试验研究了不同硼水平对甘蓝型双低油菜华双4号子粒产量和品质的影响。结果看出,两个油菜品种在缺硼条件下,施硼量从B 0.3 mg/kg增加到B 2.5 mg/kg时,单株角果数、每角粒数和子粒产量显著增加,但增加到B 5.0 mg/kg时,每株角果数、每角粒数和子粒产量显著降低,硼过量影响产量建成。在硼缺乏和硼过量条件下,华双4号的减产程度均高于中油821,表明双低优质油菜华双4号对缺硼和硼过量的反应较常规双高油菜中油821敏感。硼缺乏或过量时,两个品种子粒含油量和油酸含量均表现降低的趋势,而蛋白质含量呈增加趋势。本试验的结果表明,合理施用硼肥对子粒产量的影响大于对品质的影响,而高产优质品种华双4号更应注重硼肥的合理施用;我国栽培油菜的土壤有效硼的适宜浓度可以提高至B 1.0 mg/kg.但硼肥的安全施用应当控制在土壤有效硼含量为B 2.5 mg/kg以下。

Effects of different boron levels on seed yield and quality of double low rapeseed(Brassica napus cv.Huashuang 4)

A pot culture was conducted to study the effect of four B levels from B deficiency to excessive B on seed yield and quality of double low rapeseed cv.Huashuang 4(HS-4),using double high rapeseed cv.Zhongyou 821(ZY- 821)as a control.The four B treatments were designed with B 0.3,1.0,2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg,respectively,with five replicates each treatment.The results showed that rate of B fertilizer from B 0.3-2.5 mg/kg could significantly increase the number of seeds per silique,siliques per plant and seed yield of the two cultivars.All of the three parameters were reduced when adding reached B 5.0 mg/kg,which indicated that excessive B would hamper the formation of seed yield. The extent of yield decrease is much more in HS-4 than ZY-821 at both B deficiency and toxicity,which showed that HS-4 is more sensitive to B deficiency and toxicity than ZY-821.Seed oil content and oleic acid content of the two culti- vats presented an increased tendency,contrarily,protein content in seed showed a decreased tendency.These results suggested that:1)Rational application of B fertilizer would be more beneficial for increasing rapeseed seed yield than im- proving oil quality,and should be crucial for the production of double low rapeseed;2)Feasible soil available B concen- tration could be heighten to B 1.0 mg/kg in rapeseed-planting region in China,however,application of B fertilizer must be controlled under B 2.5 mg/kg of soil available B concentration.