氮肥底追比对不同小麦品种生长发育及产量的影响

为给小麦高产优质栽培合理施氮提供依据，以小麦品种‘尧麦16’、‘安麦16’和‘泰山4241’为材料，在施纯N 270 kg/hm2，底追比3:7、5:5、7:3处理下研究了氮肥底追比对不同小麦品种生长发育和产量的影响。结果表明，‘尧麦16’和‘安麦16’产量均在3:7处理下最高，分别为6839.93 kg/hm2和6202.2 kg/hm2，‘泰山4241’产量在5:5处理下最高，达7629.23 kg/hm2。品种间以‘泰山4241’产量最高，‘安麦16’产量最低。不同氮肥底追比处理下，品种间以‘泰山4241’旗叶SPAD值均表现为最高，且在底追比3:7处理下表现最高，‘尧麦16’和‘安麦16’在底追比5:5处理下表现最高。灌浆时间相对于灌浆速率更易受氮肥底追比的影响，氮肥底追比对‘尧麦16’和‘泰山4241’的灌浆过程影响大于‘安麦16’，‘泰山4241’的灌浆持续时间和灌浆速率均表现较高，灌浆后期功能叶衰退较慢，叶源生产能力强，能为籽粒发育提供较多的营养物质，从而为获得较高产量提供物质保证。

Effect of Nitrogen Topdressing Ratio on the Growth and Yield in Different Wheat Cultivars

In order to provide a theoretical for high yield and quality of wheat, using‘Yaomai 16’,‘Anmai 16’ and‘Taishan 4241’as materials, the application of pure N 270 kg/hm2 and 3:7, 5:5, 7:3 effects of nitrogen topdressing on the bottom, study different varieties of wheat growth and yield. The results showed that, ‘Yaomai16’ and‘Anmai16’yieldwasthehighestin3:7treatment,yieldwere6839.93kg/hm2 and6202.2kg/hm2,the highest yield of‘Taishan 4241’under the treatment of 5:5, up to 7629.23 kg/hm2. The yield of‘Taishan 4241’was the highest,‘Anmai 16’was the lowest. Under different nitrogen topdressing ratio, SPAD values of ‘Taishan 4241’'s flag leaf were the highest, and topdressing ratio under 3:7 treatment showed the highest, ‘Yaomai 16’and‘Anmai 16’in 5:5 treatment showed the highest. The filling time relative to the filling rate is more easily influenced by nitrogen fertilizer topdressing ratio,‘Yaomai 16’and‘Taishan 4241’'s grouting process of impact was greater than the‘Anmai 16’,‘Taishan 4241’grain filling duration and grain filling rate were higher, functional leaf decay slower , production capacity is strong, can provide more nutrients as the kernel development, so as to provide the material guarantee for higher yield.