福建育成的超级稻品种苗期性状比较

秧苗特性是超级稻品种产量形成的首要环节,为了解超级稻品种的苗期特征特性,2010年中季和2011晚季分别对福建省育成的4个超级稻品种的秧苗特性进行了研究,并对影响干物质积累的因子进行了位序分析。结果表明:中季种植下各材料在苗高、单株茎数和叶龄等方面存在显著或者极显著差异,在晚季种植下各品种在性状间差异则不明显。中季种植超级稻应选叶龄大的,叶鞘基部稍宽的,苗高和单株茎数适中的植株,而晚季则要挑选秧苗高的,叶鞘基部稍宽的,叶龄和每株茎数适中的植株。研究初步认为中季超级稻选育指标为叶龄4.67~5.07,叶鞘基部宽6.70~6.82 mm,苗高33.53~35.13 cm,每株茎数1.1~1.8;晚季选育指标苗高43.90~48.06 cm,叶鞘基部宽6.3~7.3 mm,叶龄7.76~8.10,每株茎数1.6~2.0。

Comparative Study of Seedling Characters on Super Rice Varieties Bred in Fujian Province

Seedling characteristics are the first link in yield formation on super rice varieties. In order to investigate their seedling characteristic, four super rice varieties has been studied in the year 2010 and 2011, so does the position order of factors which effect dry matter accumulation. The results showed that in the middle season of 2010, there had significant or very significant difference between height of seedling, leaf sheath width, number of stems per plant and leaf age, while in the last season of 2011 there had no significant difference between all materials. In middle season, plant with elder leaf age, wider leaf sheath width, moderate height of seedling and number of stems per plant should be selected, while in late season, plant with higher height of seedling, wider leaf sheath width, moderate leaf age and number of stems per plant should be selected. Preliminary study showed that breeding indexes in the middle season was leaf age 4.67-5.07, leaf sheath width was 6.70-6.82 mm, plant height was 33.53-35.13 cm, number of stems per plant was 1.1-1.8, as in the last season plant height was 43.90-48.06 cm, leaf sheath width was 6.3-7.3 mm, leaf age was 7.76-8.10, number of stems per plant was 1.6-2.0.