不同用量的自制腐植酸复合肥与油菜利用养分的关系

在土培试验定性选定肥料品种的基础上,采用微区试验研究不同用量的自制腐植酸复合肥与油菜利用养分的关系。结果表明:腐植酸复合肥可促进油菜对N、P、K的吸收,提高N、P的利用率和K的回收率。随施肥量的增大,油菜对N、P、K的吸收增加,无机肥和腐植酸复合肥施肥量均达900kg hm2时,油菜对各养分的吸收最高,再增加施肥逐渐降低。在肥力水平较高的土壤上,再增加施肥,无机肥组中,油菜对各养分的利用均呈下降趋势;在腐植酸复合肥组中,油菜对K的利用呈下降趋势,而对N和P的利用高峰均在施肥量为600kg hm2时,再增加施肥逐渐降低。同时,腐植酸复合肥刺激油菜对养分、水分的吸收和干物质的合成,施肥量在1005kg hm2时,最高产量达69 19t hm2。油菜的后效试验也体现了腐植酸复合肥具有缓释、长效和利用率较高的优势。

The relationship between doses of self-produced humic acid (HA) compound fertilizer and nutrient utilization in rape

Based on the best fertilizer chosen according to soil culture experiment, the relationship between different amount of HA compound fertilizer and nutrient utilization of rape (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis L. Makino) was investigated under field conditions. The results showed that HA compound fertilizer promoted the plant absorption of N?P and K, increased the utilization rate of N and P and the recovery rate of K. With fertilizer amount increase, the absorption of N?P and K for rape in inorganic fertilizer and HA compound fertilizer both increased, and the highest value was at 900 kg/hm~2. After this, the nutrient absorption was decreased. On the higher fertility soil and with fertilizer amount increase, the utilization of N?P and K in inorganic fertilizer and K in HA compound fertilizer for rape all tended to decrease. N and P utilization for rape in HA compound fertilizer was the highest when the amount was at 600 kg/hm~2, then it decreased. HA compound fertilizer also simulated the absorption of nutrient and water and the synthesis of dry matter. When HA compound fertilizer was 1 005 kg/hm~2, the highest yield of rape was 69.19 t/hm~2. The second harvest yield of rape indicated HA compound fertilizer had some advantages of slow-release, long-efficiency and high-nutrient-utilization-rate.