"川麦38"遗传背景中人工合成小麦导入位点的SSR标记检测

利用人工合成小麦基因资源与四川小麦杂交、回交,育成了优质、抗病小麦新品种“川麦38”。本文利用205对微卫星(SSR)引物检测“川麦38”遗传背景。其中21个位点来源于人工合成小麦亲本,占所用引物数的10.24%,远小于理论值25%。川麦38遗传背景中人工合成小麦导入位点在A、B和D染色体组分布频率不均衡,分布频率B组>A组>D组;人工合成小麦导入位点在“川麦38”各染色体间差异也很大,其中在1B和1A、5A染色体导入频率较高,而在2A等13条染色体上则无导入位点分布;人工选择压力可能是导致遗传位点出现偏分离行为的重要原因。

Detection of the introgression loci of synthetic hexaploid wheat in wheat cultivar Chuanmai 38 by SSR markers

An elite synthetic hexaploid wheat(SHW) was crossed and backcrossed w ith Sichuan commercial wheat varieties for improving the stripe rust resistance,quality and yield potential.And a synthetic derivative Chuanmai 38 with high yield potential and good stripe rust resistance was developed.In the present study,205 SSR primers were employed to reveal the introgression loci of SHW in Chuanmai 38 by comparing Chuanmai 38 with its parents SHW,and common wheats varieties.21 synthetic introgression loci in Chuanmai 38 were detected.The frequency of synthetic introgression loci was 10.24%,which is significantly deviated from the expected segregation ratio 25%.Distribution of synthetic introgression loci in A,B and D genomes was unbalanced,and the range of distribution frequency was B>A >D genome.Unbalanced distribution of synthetic introgression loci among different chromosomes was also observed.Synthetic loci were observed most frequently on chromosomes 1B,1A and 5A,while non-loci were detected on chromosomes 2A and 13 others in Chuanmai 38.The result indicated that selection stress was the main reason resulting in the significant deviations of synthetic introgression loci from expected segregation ratios.