影响寿光冬季日光温室生产的主要外部气象因子变化特征分析

为了给寿光日光温室生产的可持续发展提供科学的气象理论依据，对寿光市1959—2014年冬季气温、光照、风速、天气状况等影响日光温室生产的几个主要外部气象因子进行分析。发现：寿光冬季气温呈显著上升趋势，低温日数减少，表明寿光冬季寒冷程度减弱，异常暖冬月和暖冬年的频繁发生，为寿光日光温室的发展提供了充足的热量资源。冬季风速呈显著减小趋势，温室表面换热系数减小，减少了温室内外的热量交换和温室内热量的散失。寿光冬季日照时数和晴天日数减少、阴天和大雾日数的增加是发展日光温室的不利因素，但降雪日数的减少和温度的升高在一定程度上弥补了日照时数减少对日光温室产生的不利影响。综合分析，寿光冬季发展日光温室的气象条件较好。

Analysis on the Change Features of Main External Meteorological Factors Influencing the Solar Greenhouse Production in winter in Shouguang City

This paper aims to provide scientific basis about meteorological theory for the sustainable development of the production in solar greenhouse in Shouguang City. Through statistic analysis on several external meteorological factors such as the winter air temperature from 1959 to 2014, sunshine duration, wind speed, weather conditions and so on that influence the solar greenhouse production in Shouguang City, it was found that the air temperature was obvious on an increasing trend, and low temperature days were decreasing. It indicated that the cold degree was reducing in winter in Shouguang City, and the abnormal mild months and the years with mild winter frequently occurred, which provided sufficient heat resources for the development of solar greenhouse. The wind speed in winter was on a decreasing trend, which reduced the heat transfer coefficient on the surface of greenhouse and reduced the loss of heat in the greenhouse when the heat inside and outside exchanged. The decrease of sunshine duration and sunny days in winter in Shouguang City and the increase of cloudy days and foggy days were adverse factors for the development of solar greenhouse production, but the decrease of snowing days and increase of temperature made up the diverse effect caused to solar greenhouse production by the decrease of sunshine duration. By comprehensive analysis, the weather conditions for developing the solar greenhouse production in winter in Shouguang City were relatively good.