地表臭氧胁迫对冬小麦籽粒品质的影响研究

为深入探讨地表臭氧（O3）对冬小麦品质的影响，采用开顶式气室（OTC），设置3个处理组：CK（对照组）、CF100（O3浓度为100 nL·L-1）、CF150（O3浓度为150 nL·L-1），通过大田试验和实验室分析，开展了O3浓度增加对冬小麦蛋白质及其组分、氨基酸及其组成、淀粉含量等营养品质和加工品质的影响研究。结果表明：①籽粒氨基酸总量依次为CF100〉CF150〉CK，而人体所需的必需氨基酸总量为CF150〉CF100〉CK，处理间均差异显著（P〈0.05）。②粗蛋白含量随O3浓度的升高而增加，但各组分间变化趋势不同：清蛋白、球蛋白的含量为CF150〉CF100〉CK，醇溶蛋白、谷蛋白的含量则为CF100〉CF150〉CK。③淀粉含量随着O3浓度的升高而降低，两者呈显著负相关（P〈0.05），与CK相比，CF100、CF150冬小麦淀粉含量分别下降了4.06%和16.61％。可见，O3胁迫能促进籽粒营养品质和加工品质的合成。

Effects of Elevated Surface Ozone Stress on Grain Quality in Winter Wheat

To in-depth understand the injury of increased ozone concentration at surface to grain quality of winter wheat, the Open-Top Chamber（ OTC ） was used to make field experiment in Nanjing area, which were designed to CF100 and CF150, controlled by 100 nL·L^-1 and 150nL·L^-1 in daytime during whole fumigating periods, and control （CK） by unfiltered air, respectively. The results of indoor experiments for the grain quality in winter wheat showed that there were significant differences among the treatments in contents of grain protein components and amino acid components： （ 1 ）The size order of total amino acids of grain was CF100〉 CF150〉 CK, but the essential amino acids was CF150〉 C F 100〉 CK. It was significant difference between the three treatments （P〈0.05）. （2）The crude protein contents in winter wheat was increasing with the increase of ozone concentrations, but there were different variation trends for their compositions, among which the size order of albumin and globulin contents were CF150〉 CFIO0〉 CK, prolamin and glutenin content were CF100〉 CF150〉 CK.（3 ）Starch contents was decreased with the increasing of the ozone concentration, with significant negative correlation. The starch contents of winter wheat in CF100 and CF150 declined by 4.06% and 16.61%, compared with CK, respectively. On the whole, ozone stress on winter wheat was conducive to the nutritional quality of grain, improved processing quality.