几种植物在模拟污水处理湿地中根际微生物功能群特征的研究

以美人蕉、香蒲、垂穗莎草、玉带草为材料，研究了在模拟人工湿地条件下水生植物根际与非根际土壤中的微生物数量、种群、土壤酶活性特征。结果表明，不同水生植物根际、非根际间的细菌数量无明显差异，而真菌与放线菌的根际与非根际间差异较显著。根际硝化细菌数和反硝化细菌数最多的水生植物都是香蒲，分别为2．17×10^2 个·g-1干土和6．17×10^2个·g-1干土，有机磷细菌数最多的是美人蕉为5．68×10^4 个·g-1干土，无机磷细菌数最多的是玉带草为3．72×10^3 个·g-1干土。4种不同水生植物的根际土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、硝酸还原酶、亚硝酸还原酶活性都较非根际土壤高，湿地植物的根际效应显著。

Investigation on the Microbial Functional Groups Characteristics of Rhizoshphere of Wetland Plants in Mimic Wastewater Treatment

A mimic experiment was can＇ied out to study the microbial quantity, microflora, enzyme activities in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere of 4 species wetland plants（ Canna generalis,Typha orientalis,Cyperus nutans, Reineckia carnea）. Results showed that the number of fungi and actinomyces in rhizosphere soil of 4 wetland plants was obviously higher than that in non-rhizosphere soil, while no significant difference was observed in bacteria. Typha orientalis possessed the largest number of nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria in the rhizosphere, which were 2.17×10^2 g^-1and 6.17×10^2 g^-1, resprectively. Canna generalis had the largest number of organic phosphobacteria, which was 5.68×10^4 g^-1. Reineckia carnea had the largest number of inorganic phosphobacteria, which was 3.72×10^3 g^-1. The activities of urease, phosphatase,nitrate reductase, and nitrite reductase in rhizosphere soil of 4 wetland plants were higher than those in non-rhizosphere soil. The rhizosphere effect of wetland plants was obvious.