猪粪堆肥提取液对棉花生长和养分代谢的影响

为了研究猪粪堆肥提取液的促生效果,通过盆栽试验研究了分别浇施以0.5 mol.L-1硫酸钾和水为浸提剂提取的猪粪堆肥提取液（分别简称为K和W）对棉花生长的影响。结果表明：（1）施用K和W能显著增加棉花植株的株高、果枝数、蕾数、棉铃数。籽棉产量分别比清水对照（CK）增加了2.30倍和1.86倍,但是K和W两者之间差异不显著。（2）棉花现蕾期、花铃期和吐絮期的植株生物量分别比CK增加了71.4%和52.9%、114.2%和83.5%、106.1%和90.5%,氮磷钾累积量与CK比较显著增加。K处理的棉花在现蕾期和花铃期的植株干重显著高于W处理。（3）从现蕾期到吐絮期,棉花植株功能叶硝酸还原酶活性随之增加,而可溶性蛋白含量却随之降低。与CK比较,施用K和W能显著增加不同时期棉花植株功能叶片硝酸还原酶活性和可溶性蛋白含量。花铃期K处理的功能叶硝酸还原酶活性显著高于W处理。K处理和W处理的棉花功能叶可溶性蛋白含量分别比CK增加了1.24倍和3.01倍（现蕾期）、59.1%和40.0%（花铃期）。（4）施用两种猪粪堆肥提取液,在一定程度上都能增加棉花叶片可溶性糖和淀粉含量,但各处理间差异不显著。上述结果表明,猪粪堆肥提取液能明显改善棉花植株的生长发育,显著增加棉花产量,可以作为优质有机液体肥料。

Effects of Pig Manure Compost Extracts on the Growth and Nutrient Utilization of Cotton Plant

The study was carried out to reveal the influence of pig manure compos（tPMC）extracts on the growth and yields of plant.Pot ex-periments were carried out to study the effect of PMC solution extracted by water（W）or 0.5 mol.L-1 potassium sulfate（K）on the growth of cotton plant.The results were as follows（：1）Plant height,numbers of frute branch and bud and boll of cotton plant significantly increased in K and W treatments.The yields of seed cotton increased by 2.30 and 1.86 times in K and W treatments,respectively compared with water control（CK）（.2）The biomass of cotton plant increased by 71.4% and 52.9% in budding stage,114.2% and 83.5% in flowering-boll stage and 106.1% and 90.5% in opening ball stage in K and W treatments,respectively,compared with CK.Accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were statistically higher than CK.The weight of dry mass of cotton plant in budding and flowering-boll stages of K treatment was statistically higher than W treatment（.3）The nitrate reductase activity（NRA）of functional leaves of cotton plant increased with the development of cotton plant,while the soluble protein conten（tSPC）of functional leaves of cotton plant decreased.Compared with CK,the NRA and SPC of function-al leaves of cotton plants in different stages significantly increased by application of K and W.The NRA of functional leaves of cotton plants on flowering-boll stage in K treatment was significantly higher than W treatment.The SPC of functional leaves of cotton plant by application of K and W increased by 1.24 times and 3.01 times in budding stage,59.1% and 40.0% in flowering-boll stage,respectively,compared with CK.（4）The contents of soluble sugar and starch increased to a certain extent by application of K and W,but there were no significant difference a-mong the three treatments.It concludes that PMC extracts can be used as a kind of liquid and effective organic fertilizer,significantly improve the growth of cotton plant,thus increase the yields of cotton plant.