北方典型区域果园表层土壤农药类POPs残留特征分析

在我国典型果业生产区域的黄土高原、胶东半岛和北京郊区选择11个采样区的99个果园,利用GPS定位仪共采集0~20cm表土样品99份,测定了DDT、六氯苯、七氯、氯丹、狄氏剂、异狄氏剂、灭蚁灵和艾氏剂等8种主要POPs残留量,对土壤POPs残留的环境安全性、土壤残留差异性以及区域分布特点进行了分析研究。结果表明：（1）果园表层土壤8种POPs残留浓度符合国家土壤环境质量标准,属于环境安全残留;（2）滴滴涕是果园土壤残留分布最广泛和残留量较高的POPs,其次是六氯苯、氯丹和七氯,再其次是狄氏剂、异狄氏剂、灭蚁灵和艾氏剂;（3）果园土壤POPs残留种类多、广泛残留与高残留量地区的共同特征是建园早、园龄长、自然条件好和农业经济较发达。

Analysis on Remaining Characters of Pesticide Type POPs in Orchard Topsoil in Typical Production Zone of North China

In typical fruit production regions in China which are involved the Loess Plateau,Jiaodong Peninsular and Beijing suburb,where 99 orchards were chosen to be served as test.With the help of GPS the 99 samples of 0~20 centimetre topsoil were collected up and the content of 8 kinds of Persistent Organic Pollutants（POPs）of these samples was determined,which consists of Hexachlorobenzene（HCB）,Chlordane,Dieldrin,Endrin,DDT,Mirex,Heptachlor and Aldrin.The environment security,differences of topsoil remaining and the charac-ters of zone distribution of POPs were analysed.The results showed as fellow：（1）The remaining content of 8 kinds of POPs in orchard topsoil accorded with the soil quality—Determination of BHC and DDT—Gas chromatography（GB/T14550—1993）and were all at the state of envi-ronment security;（2）DDT was one of the most extensive and highest remain of POPs in orchard topsoil,category two POPs were HCB,Chlor-dane and Heptachlor which all have similar characters of orchard topsoil remain,category three POPs are Dieldrin,Endrin,Mirex,and Aldrin which all have similar characters of orchard topsoil remain（;3）The common features of extensive and high and multi kinds of POPs remain zone had a long planting fruit period,in the meantime there had a good nature conditions and a developed agricultural economic conditions.Relatively,in not good nature condition and low agricultural productivity zones,the topsoil remain of POPs was lower because of little pesti-cides application.Although the topsoil remain of POPs was in environmental security condition,it did not simply equate with food safety and biosafety because of POPs bioconcentration amplification.