Antimicrotubule herbicides for in vitro chromosome doubling in Beta vulgaris L. ovule culture |
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Authors: | AL Hansen A Gertz M Joersbo SB Andersen |
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Institution: | 1. DLF-Trifolium A/S, H?jerupvej 31, DK 4660, St. Heddinge, Denmark 2. Department of Agricultural Sciences, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark 3. DLF-Trifolium A/S, H?jerupvej 31, DK 4660, St. Heddinge, Denmark 4. Danisco Biotechnology, H?jbyg?rdvej 14, DK 4960, Holeby, Denmark
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Abstract: | In vitro chromosome doubling during ovule culture of sugar and fodder beets (Beta vulgaris L.) was studied with four anti-microtubule
herbicides: amiprophos-methyl (APM), oryzalin, pronamide, and trifluralin at concentrations of 0–300 μM. Best chromosome doubling
results were obtained by treatment of the ovules with 100 μM APM which produced 4.7 diploid plants per 100 ovules. Highest
chromosome doubling was found with oryzalin using 1 μM, with trifluralin at 10 μM, and with pronamide at 10 μM producing 2.8,
2.0, and 2.0 diploid plants per 100 ovules, respectively. The APM treatments showed relatively low toxicity on embryo formation
which in combination with a high chromosome doubling effect, resulted in up to 89 diploids per 100 plants regenerated. Oryzalin
and trifluralin had more severe toxic effects, which reduced embryo formation, thereby lower percentages of chromosome doubled
plants were obtained from these treatments. Pronamide had no significant toxic effect but it induced chromosome doubling at
lower frequencies. Compared to colchicine, APM seems to be as efficient for chromosome doubling during beet ovule culture,
but at molar concentrations 100 times lower than those used for chromosome doubling with colchicine.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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Keywords: | amiprophos-methyl Beta vulgaris chromosome doubling colchicine in vitro culture oryzalin pronamide trifluralin |
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