豫鲁皖三省重要小麦品种抗条锈基因推导

根据对 2 6个不同毒性谱的小麦条锈菌菌系的反应 ,并结合品种系谱分析 ,研究了河南、山东和安徽 3省的 50个重要小麦生产品种所具有的抗条锈基因。结果表明 ,没有 1个品种可抵抗所有供试的 2 6个条锈菌菌系 ,在已知的抗条锈基因中 Yr9所占比例最大 ,至少存在于 17个品种中 ,Yr2和Yr 1次之 ,分别存在于 10个和 8个品种中 ,个别品种则具有 Yr A、Yr 3或 Yr Sel,还有些品种可能具有未知的抗条锈基因或基因组合。由于上述已知基因对目前的条锈菌优势小种基本上均不抵抗 ,培育和推广具有效抗条锈基因的新品种迫在眉睫。

POSTULATION OF RESISTANCE GENES TO STRIPE RUST IN COMMERCIAL WHEAT CULTIVARS FROM HENAN, SHANDONG AND ANHUI PROVINCES

Seedlings of 50 commercial wheat cultivars from Henan, Shandong and Anhui provinces, main winter wheat-growing areas in China, were inoculated with 26 selected differe-nt isolates of Puccinia striiformis to postulate stripe rust resistance genes. The data indicated that none of the cultivars was resistant to all the 26 isolates. Yr 9 presented in at least 17 cultivars, Yr 2 in 10 cultivars, and Yr 1 in 8 cultivars. Yr A, Yr 3 or Yr Sel presented in individual cultivars. Unknown resistance genes or gene combinations presented in other cultivars. Almost all the known genes in the cultivars tested are ineffective against dominant races of P. striiformis at present in China. It is urgent that breeding and using new wheat cultivars with effective resistance genes to stripe rust.