云南引种多年生植物的发展与利用

回顾了从外省和国外引入云南的经济植物,说明由于云南特殊的地理、气候及生物多样性对不同引种植物造成不同的试种结果、发展状况及出现的问题。从而指出在云南高生物多样性森林生态系统条件下,引入外地经济植物种植的有效利用是树种或品种(品系)与当地多样性的适合性配置;可持续发展的种植方式是植物种或品种(品系)的单位种植面积不宜过大,以多种块状混交为宜;减小风险的方式是经10～12年以上的多点种植考验和控制单一种种植比例;发展当地树种风险小,但要保护好当地的生物多样性。

The Development and Utilization on Introduced Perennial Plants in Yunnan Province

The their cultivation tests, the developmental situations and the existent problems of the economic plants introduced from other provinces and countries to Yunnan province was reviewed in this paper. The effective utilization of the plants or varieties depends on the suitability between the plants or varieties and local biodiversity under the conditions of Yunnan forest ecosystem with very high biodiversity. The cultivation method of the sustainable development is that the introduced plants should not be planted in large area, but the mixed-species or variety should be planted in any plot. Cultivation tests should has been continued about 11 years in different places before spreading plant, and it should be an effective way to reduce the risk. To develop the local plants should be lower risk, to protect the local biodiversity must be essential.