我国水稻安全生产存在的问题及对策探讨

探讨了当前我国水稻安全生产面临的6个方面的主要问题,即气象气候灾害问题、环境污染问题、稻田生物多样性减少与病虫害暴发问题、有害生物入侵问题、转基因水稻生产的安全性问题以及稻米质量安全问题。针对这些问题,提出了一系列的对策措施,即建立稻田环境质量监控体系,加强农田生态环境建设;加强稻田减灾防灾预警体系和抗灾能力建设,发展避灾农业;大力推广与创新应用水稻生态农业模式;以健康食品生产与市场为导向,推进稻米安全生产的标准化与产业化进程;加强对野生稻和水稻优良种质资源的保护与利用;建立有利于水稻安全生产的激励措施和社会监管体系。

The Issues and Countermeasures for Safe Production of Rice in China

The major issues on safe production of rice in China were discussed,including meteorological and climatic disasters,decreasing of biodiversity in paddy fields and frequent breakout of pests and diseases of rice,exotic biological invasion,security of transgenic rice and low quality of rice products.A series of countermeasures were put forward for above issues,which involved following aspects:(1) to set up environmental quality detecting and survey system for paddy fields and strengthen ecological restoration and improvement;(2) to establish predicting system for agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation and enhance resistant abilities against the disasters;(3) to forward extension and innovations of ecological rice farming systems;(4) to push development of standardization and industrialization of rice production;(5) to strengthen preservation and utilization of wild rice and excellent genetic resources of rice;(6) to establish a series of encouraging policies and monitoring and management systems for safe production of rice in China.