限水灌溉和不同施肥方式对冬小麦旗叶某些光合功能的影响

用荧光诱导动力学技术研究了限水灌溉和不同施肥方式对冬小麦不同品种旗叶某些光合功能的影响。结果表明 ,在总施肥量相同的情况下 ,与春后不浇水和所有肥料作底肥的处理相比 ,春后浇两水 (拔节和灌浆水 )和一部分尿素 (150kg/hm2)用作拔节肥有利于 76选系 ,尤其是4041提高旗叶的PSⅡ活性、PSⅡ原初光能转化效率和总的光化学量子产量 ,光化学猝灭系数 (qN) ,表观光合电子传递速率 (ETR)而降低非辐射能量耗散。但是 ,春后浇两水和部分尿素作拔节肥并不改善抗旱品种山农45的光合功能。文中讨论了减少冬小麦春后的灌溉次数和全部肥料作为底肥施用的可能性。

EFFECTS OF LIMITEDIRRIGATION AND DIFFERENT FERTILIZATION WAYS ON SOME PHOTOSYNTHETIC FUNCTIONS OF FLAG LEAVES IN WINTER WHEAT

Modulated chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics technique was used to investigate the effects of limited irrigation after the spring and different fertilization ways on some photosynthetic functions of flag leaves from different winter wheat cultivars. The experimental results showed that, when the same amount of the total fertilizer was used, photosynthetic functions of flag leaves from different winter wheat cultivars variously responded to the two ways of cultivation, one was to irrigate at jointing stage and grain filling stage with part of urea(150 kg/hm2) used as topdressing at jointing stage, another was not to irrigate while all fertiilizer was used as base fertilizer. PSⅡ activity, the efficiency of primary conversion of light energy and overall photochemical quantum yield of PSⅡ(Yield), photochemical quenching coefficient(q P), the apparent photosynthetic electron transport rate(ETR) of the flag leaves in 76 Xuanxi, especially 4041 were raised and the dissipation of the non radiation energy was reduced by the irrigation after spring and the part of the urea as jointing fertilizer. However, the above?mentioned photosynthetic functions of the flag leaves in the Shannong 45 of drought resistant cultivar were not improved by this treatment. The probability of reduced irrigation frequency after the spring and all fertilizer as base fertilizer was discussed in this paper.