黄土高原旱地轮作与施肥长期定位试验研究 Ⅰ.长期轮作与施肥对土壤酶活性的影响樊

在黄土高原旱作条件下,对连续轮作、施肥15年后不同处理过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、蛋白酶活性进行了测定。结果表明,长期轮作施肥降低了旱地黑垆土的过氧化氢酶活性,以长期不种作物的休闲地酶活性最高,各处理比休闲地降幅为1.2%～20.6%。其它4种酶的活性则比休闲地有不同程度提高,蔗糖酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、蛋白酶活性分别增加26.0%～138.3%、22.5%～321.7%、31.4～157.8%、15.2%～483.3%。有机肥的作用明显大于化肥,豆科作物苜蓿、豌豆、红豆草等对土壤酶活性的影响大于小麦、玉米等禾本科作物。

Study on long-term experiment of crop rotation and fertilization in the Loess Plateau Ⅰ. Effect of crop rotation and continuous planting on soil enzyme activities

The effect of long term crop rotation and fertilization on the activity of enzymes in soil was studied Soil samples (0～20 cm) were collected from plots where various crop and rotation combinations had been continuously applied to a black loessial soil (for 15 years) The results indicated that long term rotation and fertilization reduced catalase activity by 1.2%～20.6% compared with fallow treatment Other soil enzyme activities including invertase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, and protease increased by 26.0%～138.3%, 22.5%～321.7%, 31.4～157.8%, and 15.2%～483.3% after different fertilizers were applied and different plants were cropped for 15 years continuously The effect of organic manure on soil enzyme activities was higher than that of chemical fertilizer and the enzyme activities affected by alfalfa, pea, and sainfoin (Onobrychis sativa) were higher than that of wheat and maize