荔枝果实败育发生机制的研究进展

种子败育是影响果实内在品质的一个重要因素,其不仅影响果实的商品价值,而且与座果率及产量密切相关.荔枝种质资源丰富,种子败育现象较为普遍,根据种子发育情况可分为焦核、部分焦核和种子饱满型的品种.目前关于荔枝种子发生败育机理的研究较多,本文主要从胚胎发育过程内源激素变化、多胺和酚类物质含量变化、败育胚胎细胞结构、胚蛋白含量及败育蛋白分离、败育蛋白基因克隆和环境因子对种子败育等方面进行总结分析,力求找出影响荔枝胚胎败育的重要因子,从而为加速荔枝育种提供理论参考和技术支撑,并为今后研究种子发育相关工作奠定基础.

Research progress on causes of seed abortion in litchi fruit

Seed abortion has an important influence on fruit interior quality. It not only affectes the commodity value, but also closely related to the fruit setting rate and yield. The litchi germplasm resources are rich and the occurring of seed abortion is general. According to the condition of seed development, the cultivars are grouped into seed abortion,partial abortion and normal seed. Many researches on abortion seed of litchi were reported continuously. The inner mechanism was discussed in this paper based on the levels of the variation of endogenous hormone, polyamines and phenols, as well as the ultrastructure of aborted anther or embryo, the protein content and isolation of embryo, the clones of protein genes related to abortion and the environmental induction of stenospermocarpy during the embryo development for the purpose of finding the most important factors influencing seed abortion. The result could provide theoretical and technical reference for litchi breeding and also lay a key foundation for the future related researches.