昆明市园林植物树冠截留降雨及其影响因素研究

研究了昆明市园林植物单层、复层结构的树冠截留降雨及其影响因素,结果表明:(1)观测期间共有降雨42次,降雨总量为229.6 mm,有效降雨22次.降雨按1h划分标准,其中小雨(＜2.5 mm)12次、中雨(2.5～8.0 mm)9次、大雨(8.0～16.0 mm)1次.(2)所选针叶类植物中树冠截留效果较好的为圆柏,较差为云南松;阔叶类植物中树冠截留效果较好的单层乔木为山玉兰,较差为桂花.树冠截留效果较好的单层灌木为锦绣杜鹃较差为茶梅,复层植物搭配较好为鹅掌楸+鹅掌柴、较差为滇朴+尖叶木樨榄.(3)园林植物树冠截留的影响因素主要有树冠修剪形状、枝叶疏密程度、园林植物种植方式、树冠外降雨量以及降雨强度等.

Study on canopy interception rainfall of garden plant in Kunming and its influencing factors

The canopy interception, canopy rainfall interception and influencing factors of monolayer and double-layer structure plants in Kunming gardens were studied in this paper. The results showed that: (1) Rainfall events occurred 42 times during the observation period, and the total rainfall reached 229.6 mm, effective rainfall reached 22 times. The rainfall was classified by standard of 1 h, including small rain (<2.5 mm) for 12 times, moderate (2.5-8.0 mm) for 9 times, heavy rain (8.0-16.0 mm) for 1 time. (2) The better interception plant of conifers was Sabina, the worse was Yunnan pine. The better interception monolayer arbor of broadleaf plants was Mountain magnolia, the worse was Osmanthus. The better interception monolayer shrub of broadleaf plants was Azalea, the worse was Sasanqua. The better interception of doublelayer plants group were Palm and Musella lasiocarpa, the worse were Yunnan Pu and Lam pointed leaf clover. (3) The mainly influencing factors of canopy interception were crown shape of trees, density of foliages, planting patterns of garden plants, rainfall outside the canopy and rainfall intensity.