长江流域滨海盐土轻简育苗棉花生育特性、产量与种植效益分析

为滨海盐碱地大面积推广应用新型育苗技术以及实施相应的配套技术提供科学依据，于2011—2012年在大丰市稻麦原种场滨海盐土地进行大田试验，以营养钵育苗为对照，比较了基质穴盘育苗、无土育苗、水浮育苗3种不同轻简育苗方式棉花的生长发育特性、产量与种植效益。结果表明，移栽时棉苗素质由高到低分别为营养钵育苗、水浮育苗、基质穴盘育苗、无土育苗。移栽后的缓苗期以水浮育苗与营养钵育苗较短，基质穴盘育苗次之，无土育苗最长。与营养钵育苗相比，基质穴盘育苗、无土育苗和水浮育苗3种轻简育苗方式均表现出营养生长较弱、现蕾、开花迟，有效果节与蕾铃形成期短的生长特点，籽棉产量由高到低分别为营养钵育苗、水浮育苗、基质穴盘育苗、无土育苗。由此得出，3种轻简育苗方式虽然能够节约成本，但是由于产值的降低导致其种植效益亦减少。

The Study on the Growth Characters, Yield and Planting Benefit of Cotton with Different Seeding-raising Methods in the Coastal Saline Land Region

In order to find out a better method of cotton seedling-raising, field experiments with four different seedling-raising methods [substrate seedling-raising and transplanting with substrate method (SSTS), floating seedling-nursing in nutrient water-bed method (FSNW), soilless seedling-raising and transplanting without carrier (SSTC), nutrition pot raised seedling method (NPRS)] were carried out in the coastal saline land region in Dafeng in 2011 and 2012. The results showed that, the best quality seedling was NPRS, the poorest quality seedling was SSTC. The FSNW had the shortest growth recovery period, and the SSTC had the longest growth recovery period. The growth characters of three simple methods were all lower than that of NPRS. The three simple methods were cost saving, but the benefit was also decreased because of the decreased cotton yield.