植物水分含量检测综述

水分作为植物生长和发育的要素之一,其含量的检测与诊断是植物学及农业、林业等领域的重要研究课题。植物水分含量诊断主要是通过对比植物特定性状指标与正常生长环境下的指标来实现。随着植物生理、生化研究的深入以及传感、检测技术的进步,发展出众多的植物水分含量检测方法。从最初通过检测细胞液浓度来直接反映水分含量,到测量植物蒸腾速率、茎流流速、叶片水势、冠层温度、茎秆直径、特定化学物质含量等间接反映水分含量,以致现在以图像、光谱分析为基础的机器视觉等新方法成为主流。本文在充分调研国内外研究和文献的基础上,详细介绍主要的水分含量检测方法原理,分析其优缺点,试图把握植物水分检测的发展趋势和研究方向,为相关科研和应用提供有益参考。

The Review of Plant Moisture Content Detection

Moisture is one of the elements of plant growth and development. Detection and diagnosis of plant’s moisture content is an important research topic in botany, agriculture, forestry and other fields. By detecting the moisture content, the scientists can know the state of the plant’s growth, menstrual cycles for learning the relationship of moisture content and plant growth. Through detecting plant’s specific traits index and comparing it with the same kind index which was gotten from the plants that grow up in normal environment is the main way of plant’s moisture content detection. Science and technology always shows up before method. With the development of plant physiology, biochemistry and the improvement of the technology of sensor and detection, scientists have developed a large number of methods which are used for the detection of plant moisture content. At the beginning, scientists directly showed the content of plant moisture by detecting the cell sap concentration. But the way is full of discommodiousness and hard to carry out in the outdoor environment. Then, scientists got the content of plant moisture indirectly by detecting plant transpiration rate, stem flow velocity, leaf water potential, crown layer temperature, stem diameter, and the changes of the specific chemicals content in plants, etc. Up to now, new approaches of the plant’s moisture content detection called machine vision which is based on images and spectral analysis become the major ways for scientific activity. This paper introduced some primary ways and principles of plant water content on the basis of full research studies and literatures at home and abroad, and analyzed their advantages and weaknesses, tried to grasp the trends and research directions of plant moisture detection, provided a useful reference for related research and application.