常用杀虫剂对异色瓢虫的毒力及其保护酶的影响

为明确杀虫剂对异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis(Pallas)幼虫、成虫的毒力及其体内保护酶的影响,采用喷雾法测定了7种杀虫剂对异色瓢虫3龄幼虫和成虫的毒力,同时测定了3种杀虫剂对3龄幼虫和成虫体内超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase)和过氧化氢酶(catalase)活性的影响。结果显示:7种杀虫剂对3龄幼虫的毒力大小为阿维菌素、啶虫脒吡虫啉、虫酰肼哒螨灵噻嗪酮吡蚜酮,对成虫的毒力大小为阿维菌素、啶虫脒虫酰肼、吡虫啉哒螨灵噻嗪酮吡蚜酮,吡蚜酮对异色瓢虫最安全。亚致死浓度LC10药剂可促进保护酶活性的提高,但随着浓度提高和处理时间增长,3种酶的活性总体呈逐渐下降趋势,表明低浓度的杀虫剂对异色瓢虫体内酶活性存在一定的不利影响。

Toxicity of commonly used insecticides and their influences on protective enzyme activity of multicolored Asian lady beetle Harmonia axyridis (Pallas)

To determine the toxicity and influences of commonly used insecticides on protective enzyme activity in larvae and adults of multicolored Asian lady beetle Harmonia axyridis, the toxicity of seven kinds of insecticides to the 3rd instar larvae and adults were measured by using spray method, and the influences of three kinds of insecticides on superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase activities in the 3rd instar larvae and adults were determined. The results showed that their toxicity to the 3rd instar larvae were in the following order: (abamectin, acetamiprid) > (imidacloprid, tebufenozide) > pyridaben > buprofezin > pymetrozine, and their toxicity to adults were: (abamectin, acetamiprid) > (imidacloprid, pyridaben) > tebufenozide > buprofezin > pymetrozine. For a certain long time, the protective enzyme activities in the 3rd instar larvae and adults were promoted by sublethal concentration (LC₁₀), and then gradually decreased with increasing treatment time and concentration. It suggested that insecticides at sublethal and low lethal concentrations had a negative effect on the life of H.axyridis.