互利共生关系下粗纹举腹蚁蚁巢及种群的时空动态

紫胶种植园中的粗纹举腹蚁与云南紫胶虫之间存在互利共生关系,为了揭示粗纹举腹蚁蚁巢和种群的时空分布,于2009年11月至2010年7月在云南省墨江县雅邑乡的紫胶林和对照林内分别调查了粗纹举腹蚁巢的数量、空间位置和体积,记录了蚁巢数量和工蚁数量的时间动态变化。结果表明:紫胶林中的蚁巢数量和工蚁数量均显著高于对照林;蚁巢的集群分布、随机分布和离散分布模式在研究样地内均有出现,但紫胶林中的随机分布频率高于对照林;蚁巢数量与工蚁数量随月份变化,紫胶虫成虫期的工蚁数量略高于紫胶虫幼虫期。本研究结果表明蚂蚁与紫胶虫的互利共生改变了蚁巢的分布模式,增加了蚂蚁的种群数量,为在紫胶种植园中利用粗纹举腹蚁进行生物防控提供了一定的生物学依据。

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Nests and Population of Crematogaster macaoensis Wheeler in Mutualistic Relationship

Crematogaster macaoensis Wheeler and Kerria yunnanensis Ou et Hong form a mutualistic relationship in lac plantation. In order to explore the distribution patterns of ant nests and the spatiotemporal dynamics of ant populations, the numbers, coordinates and sizes of ant nests were investigated, and the numbers of ant nests and numbers of total workers in different months were recorded in lac plantations and controlled plantations from November 2009 to July 2010 in Yayi Town, Mojiang County, Yunnan Province. The results showed that both the numbers of ant nests and workers in lac plantation were higher than that in the controlled plantations. There were aggregated, random and over-dispersed patterns of nests in sampling sites. The frequency of random pattern in lac plantation was more than that in controlled plantation. The number of workers in lac adulthood was a little more than that in larval phase. These results suggested that the nest distribution patterns were changed, and the quantity of ant population was increased under mutualistic relationship. This research could provide a scientific reference to utilize Crematogaster macaoensis Wheeler for biological control of pests.