不同抗性花生品种接种疮痂病菌后其生理特性及产量的变化

为了研究不同抗性花生品种对疮痂病的抗性差异，在田间试验条件下，采用喷雾法研究抗病品种‘贺油13’、感病品种‘泉花10号’接种疮痂病菌后其叶片生理特性及产量的变化。结果表明：可溶性糖含量在接种后呈先升高后降低的趋势，抗病品种其可溶性糖含量均高于其对照，而感病品种与其对照相比均有所下降，说明花生叶片中可溶性糖含量与植株抗病性有一定的相关性。抗感花生品种接菌后叶片可溶性蛋白质含量均高于其对照，但感病品种比抗病品种的峰值出现的要早，表明感病品种对病菌的侵染较敏感，品种的抗病性与对病菌侵染的反应呈负相关。接菌后抗感品种叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均呈先升高后降低的变化趋势，与其相应的对照相比，抗病品种比感病品种降低的幅度相对较小；花生叶片过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性随生育进程的推进整体呈现先下降后升高再降低的变化趋势，其相应的对照相比，接种后抗病品种的CAT和POD活性表现相对较高，由此说明保护酶在花生对疮痂病的抗性机制中起了重要作用。接种后2个品种叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量有所增加，表明其质膜受到不同程度的伤害。产量结果研究表明，接菌后抗、感品种均有所减产，但感病品种‘泉花10号’减产幅度较大。

Changes of Physiological Characteristics and Yield in Peanut Varieties with Different Resistance Effected by Peanut Scab

In order to identify the resistance of peanut varieties against scab disease, the changes of physiological characteristics and yield in two peanut varieties‘Heyou 13’and‘Quanhua10’with different resistance effected by peanut scab were studied in field experiment by spray. The results showed the soluble sugar increased firstly then decreased both in the resistant and susceptible peanuts after inoculation. Compared with the control, the soluble sugar of resistant peanut was higher, and that of the susceptible peanut was lower, which implied that the peanut resistance to scab was positive correlated with soluble content. The soluble protein content in leaves of resistant and susceptible peanut varieties after inoculation was higher than that of the control. The peak of soluble protein content appeared earlier in the susceptible peanut than in the resistant peanut, which indicated that the susceptible peanut were more sensitive to the pathogen than the resistant peanut. The leaf SOD activity increased firstly then decreased both in resistant and susceptible varieties lower than the susceptible varieties. With the growth process, the CAT and POD activity first decreased then increased, again decreased. Compared with the corresponding control the resistant varieties were relatively higher than the susceptible varieties, which illustrated that the protective enzymes played important roles in resistance mechanism to scab. The MDA content of two peanut varieties after inoculation increased, indicating that the plasma membrane was subject to different degrees of damage. The yield of resistant and susceptible varieties after inoculation reduced, but the yield of the susceptible peanut of‘Quanhua 10’reduced greater.