小麦育种亲本材料Dx5、Bx14亚基及1BL/1RS易位的分子检测

为给小麦优质育种的亲本选配等研究提供参考,利用优质谷蛋白Dx5、Bx14亚基及1BL/1RS易位的特异性分子标记,对本课题组近年常用的38份杂交亲本材料进行了分子检测.结果表明,在引进品种和自育品种(系)中,含Dx5亚基的材料分别占16.0％和7.7％,含Bx14亚基的材料分别占16.0％和23.1％,1BL/1RS易位材料分别占24.0％和38.5％.与引进品种相比,自育品种(系)含Dx5亚基的材料很少,而含Bx14亚基和1BL/1RS易位的材料较多.总体来看,育种亲本含Dx5、Bx14亚基的材料较少,而含1BL/1RS易位的材料相对较多.因此,今后小麦优质育种中应重视含Dx5、Bx14亚基材料的引进和利用,合理使用1BL/1RS易位材料,并加强杂种后代的分子鉴定与选择.

Molecular Detection of Subunits Dx5,Bx14 and 1BL/1RS Translocation in Wheat Breeding Parents

In order to provide reference for parent selection of wheat quality breeding,the specific molecular markers were applied to detect the presence of high molecular weight glutenin subunits Dx5,Bx14 and 1BL/1RS translocation in 38 main wheat breeding parents.The results showed that the frequencies of subunits Dx5,Bx14 and 1BL/1RS translocation accounted for 16.0%,16.0% and 24.0%,respectively,in introduced cultivars,and accounted for 7.7%,23.1% and 38.5%,respectively,in self-chosen cultivars(lines).Compared with introduced cultivars,self-chosen cultivars(lines) had lower rate of subunit Dx5,but higher rate of subunit Bx14 and 1BL/1RS translocation.In general,breeding parents had lower rate of subunit Dx5 and Bx14,but relatively higher rate of 1BL/1RS translocation.In future wheat breeding,germplasm with subunits Dx5 and Bx14 could be used as materials,and utilize 1BL/1RS translocation lines reasonably,enhance the molecular identification and selection in hybrid progenies.