Effects of cultivar and environment on phenolic acids in buckwheat

Summary Phenolic acid contents were determined in seeds from five buckwheat cultivars grown at three locations in western Canada for four years. Buckwheat contained 12–16 g/kg of total phenolic acids, about 3 g/kg of esterified phenolic acids, and 8–13 g/kg of etherified phenolic acids. The latter represented 70 to 79% of the total phenolics. Variation in phenolic acids was mainly due to cultivar, seasonal effects and their interaction, while growing location had no significant effect. Phenolic acid contents of buckwheat were independent of seed color and protein content. Esterified phenolic acids exhibited a negative significant association with etherified phenolic acids in buckwheat.