太阳能集热器的热流气体对砾石的蓄放热特性研究

太阳能的蓄放热特性的研究对清洁能源太阳能的开发和利用具有重要意义。该文利用冬季太阳能集热器的热流气体，对砾石的蓄放热特性进行了研究。以居民居住的标准房间（4 m×2.7 m）为依据进行了模拟；利用太阳能集热器的热能与直径为50～100 mm的砾石铺设成150 mm厚度的地下蓄热系统进行蓄热和放热试验，研究昼夜之间室内砾石的蓄热和放热特性；通过测试太阳能集热器的内部温度、砾石层内部及室内地表面的温度，研究了太阳能集热器的蓄热效率和转换效率，同时分析了蓄热层及室内地表面的热传递特性；为进一步开拓针对冬季寒冷地区太阳能蓄热型居民建筑物内部热环境方面的基础研究提供了科学的依据。

Characteristics of heat storage and release of gravel layer in solar collectors by hot air natural circulation

The thermal characteristics of heat storage and release of the gravel layer used in the solar collector in winter were analyzed. Air from the solar collector was expected to circulate through the gravel layer naturally without other energy consumption. The gravel layer consisted of river gravels with diameter from 50 mm to 100 mm. The temperature of the solar collector, gravel layer and cement mortar surface were measured respectively to analyze thermal characteristics of heat storage during daytime and heat release at night in the gravel layer. The horizontal and vertical heat characteristics of the gravel layer and cement mortar surface were analyzed. Results of the thermal characteristics of the gravel layer in the solar collector can be used as basic data for the thermal analysis of gravel layer.