内蒙古地区肉牛养殖兽药使用情况调查与分析

针对内蒙古肉牛养殖主要生产区养殖场基本信息和兽药使用的现状进行调研。结果表明,内蒙古地区肉牛养殖以中小型规模养殖为主,经营模式多样,以养殖合作社为主体;常用治疗药物以抗菌药物为主,以庆大霉素使用频率最高;肉牛养殖过程中主要发生的疾病是呼吸道疾病和消化道疾病,氟苯尼考和阿莫西林、黏菌素分别是内蒙古地区肉牛呼吸道疾病和消化道疾病的首选治疗药物;与中大型养殖场用药种类相对单一、频次较少相比,小型养殖场用药种类和频次相对较多。当前的用药模式可能带来病原微生物耐药性逐渐增强和产品兽药残留超标的风险。

Investigation and Analysis of Usage of Veterinary Drugs in Beef Cattle Breeding in Inner Mongolia

In this paper, the basic information and the status quo of use of veterinary drugs in beef cattle farms in Inner Mongolia were investigated. The results show that small-scale and medium-scale breeding of beef cattle are dominant in Inner Mongolia,and there are a variety of business patterns, while they are mainly bred by breeding cooperatives. Main therapeutic drugs are antibiotics, and gentamicin was used most frequently. In the course of breeding cattle, the epidemic diseases are respiratory diseases and digestive tract diseases, and their preferred therapeutic drugs are florfenicol, amoxicillin and colistin in Inner Mongolia. Compared with medium and large farms, the types and frequency of drugs are more in small farms. The current method of using drugs may lead to gradual enhancement of drug resistance of pathogenic microorganisms and residues of veterinary drugs in products exceeding the standard.