高寒地区中国荷斯坦犊牛早期断奶方案对犊牛生长发育、腹泻与培育成本的影响

目的]研究高寒地区中国荷斯坦犊牛早期断奶方案的推广价值。方法]选取1周内新生、体重相近的犊牛16头,采用对照的试验方法将16头犊牛随机分为试验组和对照组,每组8头。试验组为早期断奶方案,对照组为常规断奶流程,试验期为90 d。结果]试验组在60日龄与90日龄的日增重均显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。试验组90日龄增重显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。对照组犊牛30日龄内腹泻发病率为100%,重复发病率为75%;试验组30日龄内腹泻发病率为50%,重复发病率为50%。试验组与对照组相比节约成本32.52%。结论]高寒地区中国荷斯坦犊牛可实行早期断奶方案,且能够提高企业和养殖户的经济效益,具有较好的推广价值。

Effects of the Early Weaning Scheme on Growth,Incidence of Diarrhea and Cost of Chinese Holstein Calves in Alpine Area

Objective]This study was aimed to evaluate the popularization value of early weaning scheme of Chinese Holstein calves in alpine area. Methods]A total of 16 newborn（within 1 week） Chinese Holstein calves with similar body weight were selected and randomly divided into two groups with 8 calves for each group. The experimental group was weaned with the early weaning scheme, and the control group was weaned with the routine scheme. The experimental period lasted for 90 d. Results]The results revealed that the daily weight gain of 60-day-old and 90-day-old calves in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group（P〈0.05）; the weight gain of 90-day-old calves in experimental group was significantly higher than that in in control group（P〈0.05）; the diarrhea incidence of 30-day-old calves in control group was 100%, and the incidence of recurrence of diarrhea was 75%; the diarrhea incidence of 30-day-old calves in experimental group was 50%, and the incidence of recurrence of diarrhea was 50%; compared with control group, the feeding cost of experimental group during the experimental period was reduced by 32.52%. Conclusion]It is concluded that the application of early weaning scheme of Chinese Holstein calves in alpine area has feasibility. The weaning scheme is helpful for increase benefit of enterprise and dairy farmers and is worthy of extending.