Solexa测序技术分析鸡与鹌鹑属间杂交雌性和雄性胚胎的差异microRNAs

分别从孵化3d的已鉴定性别的鸡与鹌鹑属间杂交早期雌性和雄性胚胎组织中提取小RNA，并构建各自的cDNA文库，通过Illumina／Solexa二代测序平台对两样本SmallRNA进行高通量深度测序，结合生物信息学的方法对其属间杂交早期的雌性和雄性胚胎中已知的和预测的miRNAs的类型、长度、丰度以及参与的KEGG通路等进行了初步的统计和分析。结果显示，鸡与鹌鹑属间杂交早期雌性胚胎组织的比对序列有16058009条，雄性组织有17943294条；雌性胚胎预测得到132种miRNA，雄性胚胎预测得到460种miRNA；雌性和雄性样本间差异显著的miRNA有117个（P〈0．01）；KEGG通路分析表明，这些差异miRNAs的靶基因主要参与了wnt信号通路、MAPK信号通路、TGF-beta信号通路等与胚胎生长发育相关的途径。结果表明，就已知的miRNAs而言，在鸡与鹌鹑属间杂交雌性和雄性胚胎问存在着一定的差异，这些差异的miRNAs将为后续的功能和调控机理实验研究提供依据。

Analysis of difference microRNAs in female and male embryos of chicken-quail hybrid by solexa sequencing

This study was to screen difference microRNAs between female and male embryos dur- ing gonad differentiation period for better reveal microRNA as well as target genes＇ function of early death of embryos. Three days of chicken-quail hybrid embryos were used as research object, small RNAs were extracted from embryo tissues identified gender to construct a cDNA library. Combined with bioinformatic method, the types, length, abundance, and KEGG pathways of miRNAs in female and male embryos of chicken-quail hybrid were analyzed by small RNA deep sequencing technology. The result showed that the reads of mappable sequence was 16 058 009 in female embryo tissue of chicken-quail hybrid and 17 943 294 in male embryo tissue;moreover, 132 and 460 potential novel unique miRNAs in female and male embryo tissues were discovered, respectively. Totally 117 known miRNAs had significant difference between female and male embryos （P〈0. 01） ;and KEGG pathway analysis showed that these target genes of difference miRNAs were primarily involved in embryonic growth related pathways, such as Wnt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, and so on. From the above, there are some variances between chicken-quail hybrid female embryo and male embryo;these difference miRNAs can provide a basis for research of subsequent function and regulation mechanism.